Thyroid eye disease therapy grows past teprotumumab

Thyroid eye disease was a corticosteroid-and-orbital-decompression category until teprotumumab approval in 2020. Teprotumumab commercial maturity is established with growing real-world data; follow-on IGF-1R-targeted programs and novel non-IGF-1R mechanism programs (FcRn antagonists, others) are in late-stage trials. The cross-specialty integration (endocrinology and ophthalmology) is the gating clinical pattern.