Signals
13Neurotrophic keratitis acquires recombinant nerve growth factor therapy
Cenegermin (recombinant nerve growth factor) maturity, follow-on programs, and structured corneal-care pathways are reshaping neurotrophic keratitis management.
Retinal vein occlusion therapy options widen past first-generation anti-VEGF
Faricimab and high-dose aflibercept extension, structured macular edema management, and emerging mechanism programs are reshaping retinal vein occlusion management.
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy therapy reshapes around anti-VEGF
Anti-VEGF first-line for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, panretinal photocoagulation as alternative or combination, and emerging mechanism programs are reshaping PDR management.
Allergic conjunctivitis therapy widens past topical antihistamines
Topical multi-action options, novel mechanism programs, and emerging biologic-pathway therapy are reshaping allergic conjunctivitis management.
Presbyopia pharmacological options widen past pilocarpine
Pilocarpine maturity, follow-on miotic-class programs, and emerging non-miotic mechanism programs are reshaping presbyopia management.
Keratoconus therapy widens past corneal cross-linking
Corneal cross-linking adoption, intracorneal ring segment maturity, and emerging custom cross-linking and topography-guided treatment are reshaping keratoconus management.
Thyroid eye disease therapy grows past teprotumumab
Teprotumumab maturity plus follow-on IGF-1R-targeted programs and novel non-IGF-1R mechanism classes are restructuring thyroid eye disease management.
Inherited retinal disease gene therapy widens past RPE65
X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, choroideremia, and additional inherited retinal disease gene therapy programs are reading out.
Choroidal melanoma therapy options widen
Approved tebentafusp and emerging programs are creating the first systemic therapy options for metastatic choroidal melanoma.
Glaucoma drug-delivery implant uptake reveals the procedure-room workflow constraint
Sustained-release glaucoma drug-delivery implants are addressing the chronic adherence problem that has characterised glaucoma management for decades. Real-world uptake reveals the procedure-room workflow as the principal access constraint.
Diabetic macular oedema commercial dynamics are being reshaped by the long-duration anti-VEGF class
The long-duration anti-VEGF class (faricimab, high-dose aflibercept) is reshaping diabetic macular oedema commercial dynamics through extended dosing intervals that reduce patient burden. The implications for the established anti-VEGF class, the steroid implant alternatives, and the adjacent retinal pipeline are material.
Geographic atrophy therapy uptake reveals the disease-monitoring infrastructure gap
Real-world uptake of complement C3 and C5 inhibitors for geographic atrophy has been slower and more variable than the pivotal trial benefit profile would have predicted. The drivers are disease-monitoring infrastructure, intravitreal-injection capacity, and the patient-and-clinician decision frame around a slowly progressive condition.
Anti-VEGF biosimilar uptake is reshaping retinal commercial dynamics
Anti-VEGF biosimilars (ranibizumab and aflibercept biosimilars) entering the retinal market in major geographies are reshaping commercial dynamics for the established class and for the next-generation extended-duration retinal pipeline. The implications across the wet AMD, DME and adjacent indications are material.
Snapshots
6Retinal vein occlusion therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of RVO therapy across acute and ongoing macular edema management plus systemic care integration.
Allergic conjunctivitis therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of allergic conjunctivitis therapy across mild seasonal, persistent, severe, and emerging tiers.
Presbyopia therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of presbyopia management across optical, surgical, and pharmacological approaches.
Thyroid eye disease therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of thyroid eye disease therapy across active and stable phases.
Glaucoma treatment landscape, 2026 mid-year reference
Reference layout of the glaucoma treatment landscape as of mid-2026: pressure-lowering eye drop classes, sustained-release drug-delivery implants, microinvasive glaucoma surgery, and the live commercial questions including adherence, procedure-room capacity, and the next-generation pipeline.
Retinal therapy pipeline, 2026 mid-year reference
Reference layout of the retinal therapy pipeline as of mid-2026: approved mechanisms across wet AMD, DME, GA, and inherited retinal dystrophy, late-stage pipeline by mechanism, and the live commercial questions including delivery innovation, biosimilar dynamics, and gene-therapy progress.
Explained
5What is retinal vein occlusion?
Plain-language primer on retinal vein occlusion, why it is a vascular event, and what modern therapy can offer.
What is allergic conjunctivitis?
Plain-language primer on allergic conjunctivitis, the different types, and what the modern range of therapy can offer.
What is presbyopia?
Plain-language primer on presbyopia, why it affects nearly everyone with age, and what the modern range of options can offer.
What is thyroid eye disease?
Plain-language primer on thyroid eye disease, why it is linked to thyroid problems, and what modern therapy can offer.
How inherited retinal dystrophy gene therapy is moving beyond RPE65
The voretigene neparvovec approval for RPE65-mediated inherited retinal dystrophy validated AAV-based gene therapy in ophthalmology. The pipeline has moved substantially beyond RPE65 to address adjacent inherited retinal dystrophy genotypes, with implications for diagnostic infrastructure, surgical delivery, and commercial planning.