Signals
29Thyroid cancer targeted therapy expands across differentiated, medullary, and anaplastic subtypes
RET inhibitor maturity, NTRK fusion-targeted use, BRAF V600E and MEK combinations in anaplastic disease, and emerging mechanism programs are restructuring thyroid cancer therapy.
Lung cancer screening pathway integration matures
Low-dose CT screening adoption growth, AI-assisted nodule management, blood-based biomarker integration, and primary-care pathway formalisation are restructuring lung cancer screening.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis management widens past corticosteroids and itraconazole
Biologic therapy in ABPA, novel azole maturity, and structured diagnostic-and-monitoring pathways are reshaping allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis management.
Severe COPD biologic therapy class emerges past the inhaler era
Dupilumab COPD approval in eosinophilic phenotype, mepolizumab and benralizumab COPD pivotal data, and ensifentrine entry are reshaping severe COPD management.
Soft tissue sarcoma therapy widens around fusion-defined biomarkers
NTRK inhibitor cross-tumour use, GIST line-of-therapy expansion, and emerging mechanism-targeted programs are reshaping soft tissue sarcoma management.
Cholangiocarcinoma targeted therapy widens past chemotherapy
FGFR2 inhibitor maturity, IDH1 inhibitor use, HER2-targeted therapy entry, and IO combinations are restructuring biliary tract cancer management.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps biologic class matures
Dupilumab maturity, mepolizumab and benralizumab CRSwNP indications, omalizumab CRSwNP approval, and emerging mechanism programs are reshaping CRSwNP management.
Glioblastoma therapy options evolve past temozolomide and TTFields
Tumour-treating fields maturity, IDH-mutant glioma vorasidenib approval, and emerging mechanism-targeted programs are reshaping glioma management.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder therapy class competition matures
Eculizumab, ravulizumab, satralizumab, inebilizumab, and emerging mechanism programs define a competitive NMOSD prescribing landscape.
Chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells enter pemphigus vulgaris
Desmoglein 3-targeted CAART cell therapy programs in pemphigus vulgaris are reading out as a precision approach to autoantibody-driven disease.
Colorectal cancer third-line and KRAS-targeted options widen
KRAS G12C-targeted programs, fruquintinib third-line use, and trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-amplified colorectal are restructuring late-line colorectal cancer.
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction therapy moves beyond four-pillar standard
Vericiguat addition, mechanism-targeted programs, and emerging genetically-defined HFrEF approaches are reshaping the post-four-pillar landscape.
Pediatric severe asthma biologic options expand
Dupilumab, mepolizumab, benralizumab, and tezepelumab paediatric label expansions plus emerging biologic programs are restructuring paediatric severe asthma.
Pre-eclampsia prediction and prevention infrastructure matures
sFlt-1 to PlGF ratio testing in suspected pre-eclampsia and aspirin-prophylaxis pathway adoption are reshaping pre-eclampsia care.
Gastric and gastroesophageal cancer therapy reshapes around HER2 maturity and claudin18.2 entry
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-low gastric, claudin18.2-targeted zolbetuximab approval, and IO combinations are restructuring upper GI oncology.
Genetically-targeted Parkinson's programs reach pivotal data
LRRK2 inhibitors and GBA-targeted programs in Parkinson's disease are reading out as the first genetically-defined Parkinson's therapy options.
Concussion and TBI biomarker tools mature
Plasma GFAP and UCH-L1 assays for concussion and traumatic brain injury are establishing routine emergency-department use.
Choroidal melanoma therapy options widen
Approved tebentafusp and emerging programs are creating the first systemic therapy options for metastatic choroidal melanoma.
Plasma biomarker testing is displacing amyloid PET as the screening modality for anti-amyloid eligibility
Three FDA-cleared blood tests for amyloid pathology are now in routine use at major Alzheimer's centres, materially reducing the amyloid-PET demand that constrained early lecanemab uptake.
Tezepelumab uptake in type-2-low severe asthma is the field's defining commercial test
Tezepelumab's upstream mechanism (anti-TSLP) reaches patients in the type-2-low phenotype that the downstream biologic class cannot effectively serve. Real-world commercial uptake in this previously underserved population is the test of whether the upstream-mechanism advantage translates from clinical evidence to commercial reality.
Parkinson's biomarker work is converging on the alpha-synuclein seed-amplification assay
The alpha-synuclein seed-amplification assay (alpha-syn-SAA) has emerged as the leading biomarker for Parkinson's disease and adjacent synucleinopathies. The assay's sensitivity, specificity, and the implications for both diagnosis and trial-enrolment are material.
KRAS G12C resistance patterns are reshaping second-line NSCLC sequencing
Resistance mechanisms emerging from sotorasib and adagrasib post-progression sampling are converging on a finite set of pathways. The implications for second-line decision-making and combination design are starting to land in clinic.
TROP2 ADC class read-throughs from Q1 2026 readouts
The TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate class has multiple late-stage assets reading out in overlapping breast cancer and NSCLC populations. Q1 2026 readouts have started to differentiate the class on toxicity profile and biomarker dependency rather than on bulk efficacy.
Antibody-drug conjugates are reshaping the HER2-low breast cancer setting
T-DXd's expansion into HER2-low has changed second-line decision-making, and the ADC class is delivering further candidates that are likely to redefine biomarker-driven sequencing across breast cancer subtypes.
Tau PET reimbursement is the next diagnostic access question
Amyloid PET has settled into routine coverage and availability. Tau PET - which will be the confirmatory pathway for tau-directed therapies - is sited at meaningfully fewer centers and reimbursed unevenly. The access conversation that defined anti-amyloid rollout is about to repeat, one mechanism later.
Real-world ARIA rates from registries are landing close to trial estimates
Early registry data on lecanemab and donanemab in routine clinical use is producing ARIA incidence numbers that broadly track the pivotal trials, with APOE4 homozygotes consistently the highest-risk group.
Co-pathology recognition is reshaping how Alzheimer's diagnosis is being read
LATE, vascular contribution, and Lewy-body co-pathology are now routinely on the differential when a patient with cognitive symptoms tests amyloid-positive. The clinical question is increasingly "what mix" rather than "is it Alzheimer's."
Plasma-biomarker rollout is concentrated at academic centers
Adoption of plasma p-tau217 testing remains concentrated at academic medical centers and large specialty practices, with community uptake meaningfully behind.
Blood-based biomarkers move from research to clinical workflow
Plasma p-tau217 assays are being adopted as a triage step before PET or CSF confirmation in specialty memory clinics.
Snapshots
13Thyroid cancer therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of thyroid cancer therapy across differentiated, medullary, and anaplastic subtypes.
Dementia subtype therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of dementia therapy across Alzheimer's, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular, and frontotemporal subtypes.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of ABPA therapy across acute, recurrent, and emerging biologic-integrated tiers.
Cholangiocarcinoma therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of cholangiocarcinoma therapy across resectable and advanced disease and biomarker-defined targeted tiers.
ANCA-associated vasculitis therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of ANCA-associated vasculitis therapy across induction, maintenance, and refractory disease.
Lipid management therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of lipid management therapy across foundational, add-on, and emerging tiers.
Severe COPD therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of severe COPD therapy across foundational inhaler, biologic, and emerging mechanism tiers.
Lupus nephritis therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of lupus nephritis therapy across induction and maintenance phases.
HFrEF therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of HFrEF therapy across the four-pillar standard, additional approved options, and emerging mechanism classes.
Adult diffuse glioma therapy reference (2026)
Reference snapshot of adult diffuse glioma therapy across IDH-mutant grade 2/3 disease, glioblastoma first-line, and recurrent disease.
What we are watching in Alzheimer's, as of Q2 2026
A reference list of the threads PatientSpotlight is actively tracking - clinical readouts, regulatory and reimbursement decisions, real-world evidence accumulation, and operational rollout. Each thread names what to watch and why it matters, without predicting when it will resolve.
Clinical trial endpoints in Alzheimer's disease, as of Q2 2026
A reference view of the cognitive, functional, and biomarker endpoints used in late-stage Alzheimer's trials - what each measures and how to read a readout that uses it.
Alzheimer's diagnostic pathways, as of Q2 2026
Plasma biomarkers are entering routine workflows alongside established CSF and PET options, with confirmatory imaging still standard before disease-modifying therapy.
Explained
9Preeclampsia screening: where biomarker-based pathways are converting
Preeclampsia screening has moved from clinical-risk-factor-driven to biomarker-augmented pathways in several markets. The methodology, the access frame, and the implications for both maternal outcomes and commercial planning around adjacent assets are worth understanding.
ctDNA-guided treatment decisions are entering routine oncology care
Circulating tumour DNA testing has moved from research-grade tool to a routine decision aid in several oncology indications. The pathways from blood draw to clinical decision are now described well enough to plan around, even though reimbursement remains uneven.
Why 'tumor-agnostic' approvals are reshaping reimbursement reviews
When a drug is approved for a molecular target across tumor types rather than for one cancer, the HTA review framework has to evaluate efficacy across heterogeneous indications with different unmet needs, comparators, and standard-of-care benchmarks. That has practical consequences for access timelines.
COPD's biomarker problem and how the field is solving it
COPD has, until recently, been managed as a single condition with a stepwise pharmacological ladder. The arrival of biologics in COPD - and the subgroup-driven trial designs that supported their approval - has forced the field to confront a biomarker question that asthma resolved a decade ago: which patient, which mechanism, which therapy, and how do we know.
What are CSF biomarkers, and how do they fit alongside plasma and PET?
CSF biomarkers - measured in cerebrospinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture - are well-validated tests for Alzheimer's pathology that pre-date both plasma biomarkers and broad amyloid PET access. They remain in routine clinical use, particularly where PET is not available and where the diagnostic question is complex enough to warrant the procedural friction.
What is tau PET, and how is it different from amyloid PET?
Tau PET is a brain scan that shows the build-up of tau, the second protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. The image is closer to the clinical picture than amyloid is - tau accumulation tracks more directly with where and how a person is currently impaired. The trade-off is that tau PET is harder to access than amyloid PET, and the access gap is now a rate-limiter on multiple fronts.
What is co-pathology in dementia, and why does it matter?
Co-pathology means more than one disease process is contributing to someone's symptoms at the same time. In older patients with cognitive symptoms, mixed pathology is the rule, not the exception.
What is amyloid PET, and when is it used?
Amyloid PET is a brain scan that shows whether the amyloid protein associated with Alzheimer's disease has built up in the brain. It is used to confirm or rule out Alzheimer's pathology when the diagnosis matters.
What are plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease?
Plasma biomarkers are blood tests that look for proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology. The most clinically useful one in 2026 is plasma p-tau217.